A Low-Cost and Accurate Microwave Sensor System for Permittivity Characterization

A novel low-cost microwave sensor system is proposed for accurate sensing of the real relative permittivity materials under test (MUT). The solution eliminates need using advanced measurement devices such as vector network analyzer (VNA) characterization. built on a software-defined radio platform. suitable two-stage frequency estimation approach was developed estimating shift resonator associated with MUT. First, neighborhood resonance obtained utilizing low-resolution coarse search, followed by fine search method to accurately estimate frequency. For we modified AM algorithm and Golden-Section algorithm, GS suite system. performance validated through simulations experiments. To demonstrate feasibility concept, experiments were conducted implementing Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) transceiver detecting binary mixture water methanol. results show that achieves accuracy comparable equipment VNA. Thus, could be alternative characterization purposes standard equipment.